PrintPathshala

Introduction and Types of Printing Processes ‘I’m a printer’ can mean many different things, depending on a particular process: 1. Offset Lithography the most common printing process today the workhorse! It offsets ink from metal plates to a rubber blanket cylinder) to the paper. Almost every commercial printer does offset printing. 2. Letterpress the original process founded by Gutenberg in 1440. "Relief" printing like rubber stamps, images on the plate are higher than the surface. Fewer and fewer printers are doing fine letterpress. 3.  Screen a.k.a. silk-screening. Ink is forced through a screen following a stencil pattern. Used for ring binders, t-shirts, bumper stickers, billboards. 4. Gravure Printing an image is etched on the surface of a metal plate, the etched area is filled with ink, and then the plate is rotated on a cylinder that transfers the image to the paper or other material. Like flexography, gravure printing is often used for

History of Indian Printing Industry The printing press first came to Goa with Portuguese missionaries in the mid-sixteenth century. Jesuit priests learned Konkani and printed several tracts. By 1674, about 50 books had been printed in the Konkani and in Kanara languages. Catholic priests printed the first Tamil book in 1579 at Cochin, and in 1713 the first Malayalam book was printed by them. By 1710, Dutch Protestant missionaries had printed 32 Tamil texts, many of them translations of older works. The English language press did not grow in India till quite late even though the English East India Company began to import presses from the late seventeenth century. From 1780, James Augustus Hickey began to edit the Bengal Gazette, a weekly magazine that described itself as ‘a commercial paper open to all, but influenced by none’. So it was a private English enterprise, proud of its independence from the colonial influence that began English printing in India.  Hickey published a

History of Printing Four Important Periods in the History of the Book.   7th to 13th Century: The age of religious "manuscript" book production. Books in this period are entirely constructed by hand and are largely religious texts whose creation is meant as an act of worship. 13th to 15th Century: The secularization of book production. Books are beginning to be produced that do not serve as objects of worship, but that try to explain something about the observable world. The difficulty with the spread of such knowledge is that production is still taking place via pre-print - manuscript - methods.                                                                         The production of secular books is driven by two things: The rise of universities in Europe, spreading from Italy. The return of the crusaders in the 13th century, who bring with them a text from Byzantium. These books, written during the Greek and Roman periods in history, focus on this-world